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@@ -335,12 +335,100 @@ B\cap C \amp = \{(6, 1)\} \\
<article class="exercise exercise-like" id="exercises-Independent-Events-1"><h4 class="heading"><span class="codenumber">1<span class="period heading-divison-mark heading-divison-mark__period">.</span></span></h4>
<div class="para" id="exercises-Independent-Events-1-1-1">An experiment consists of rolling a fair die two times. Let <span class="process-math">\(A\)</span> be the event that the sum is even, and let <span class="process-math">\(B\)</span> be the event that the second roll is higher than the first. Are <span class="process-math">\(A\)</span> and <span class="process-math">\(B\)</span> independent?<div class="autopermalink" data-description="Paragraph"><a href="#exercises-Independent-Events-1-1-1" title="Copy heading and permalink for Paragraph" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Paragraph">🔗</a></div>
</div>
<div class="solutions"><details id="exercises-Independent-Events-1-2" class="answer solution-like born-hidden-knowl"><summary class="knowl__link"><span class="type">Answer</span><span class="period heading-divison-mark heading-divison-mark__period">.</span></summary><div class="answer solution-like knowl__content">
<div class="para logical" id="exercises-Independent-Events-1-2-1">
<div class="displaymath process-math" id="exercises-Independent-Events-1-2-1-1">
\begin{align*}
A = \{ \amp (1, 1), (1, 3), (1, 5), (2, 2), (2, 4), (2, 6), \\
\amp (3, 1), (3, 3), (3, 5), (4, 2), (4, 4), (4, 6), \\
\amp (5, 1), (5, 3), (5, 5), (6, 2), (6, 4), (6, 6)\} \\
B = \{ \amp (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6), \\
\amp (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6), \\
\amp (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6), \\
\amp (4, 5), (4, 6), \\
\amp (5, 6)\} \\
A \cap B = \{ \amp (1, 3), (1, 5), (2, 4), (2, 6), (3, 5), (4, 6)\}
\end{align*}
</div>
<div class="para">So <span class="process-math">\(\Pr(A) = \frac{18}{36} = \frac{1}{2}\text{,}\)</span> <span class="process-math">\(\Pr(B) = \frac{15}{36} = \frac{5}{12}\text{,}\)</span> and <span class="process-math">\(\Pr(A\cap B) = \frac{6}{36} = \frac{1}{6}\text{.}\)</span> Finally:</div>
<div class="displaymath process-math" id="exercises-Independent-Events-1-2-1-5">
\begin{align*}
\Pr(A \mid B) \amp = \frac{\Pr(A\cap B)}{\Pr(B)} = \frac{6/36}{15/36} = \frac{6}{15} = \frac{2}{5} \neq \Pr(A),
\end{align*}
</div>
<div class="para">so <span class="process-math">\(A\)</span> and <span class="process-math">\(B\)</span> are not independent.</div>
<div class="autopermalink" data-description="Paragraph"><a href="#exercises-Independent-Events-1-2-1" title="Copy heading and permalink for Paragraph" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Paragraph">🔗</a></div>
</div>
<div class="autopermalink" data-description="Answer 1.4.1.1"><a href="#exercises-Independent-Events-1-2" title="Copy heading and permalink for Answer 1.4.1.1" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Answer 1.4.1.1">🔗</a></div>
</div></details></div>
<div class="autopermalink" data-description="Exercise 1.4.1"><a href="#exercises-Independent-Events-1" title="Copy heading and permalink for Exercise 1.4.1" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Exercise 1.4.1">🔗</a></div></article><article class="exercise exercise-like" id="exercises-Independent-Events-2"><h4 class="heading"><span class="codenumber">2<span class="period heading-divison-mark heading-divison-mark__period">.</span></span></h4>
<div class="para" id="exercises-Independent-Events-2-1-1">An experiment consists of flipping a fair coin three times. Let <span class="process-math">\(A\)</span> be the event that the first and second flips match. Let <span class="process-math">\(B\)</span> be the event that there are at least two heads. Are <span class="process-math">\(A\)</span> and <span class="process-math">\(B\)</span> independent?<div class="autopermalink" data-description="Paragraph"><a href="#exercises-Independent-Events-2-1-1" title="Copy heading and permalink for Paragraph" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Paragraph">🔗</a></div>
</div>
<div class="solutions"><details id="exercises-Independent-Events-2-2" class="answer solution-like born-hidden-knowl"><summary class="knowl__link"><span class="type">Answer</span><span class="period heading-divison-mark heading-divison-mark__period">.</span></summary><div class="answer solution-like knowl__content">
<div class="para logical" id="exercises-Independent-Events-2-2-1">
<div class="displaymath process-math" id="exercises-Independent-Events-2-2-1-1">
\begin{align*}
A \amp = \{ HHH, HHT, TTH, TTT \} \\
B \amp = \{ HHH, HHT, HTH, THH \} \\
A\cap B \amp = \{HHH, HHT\}
\end{align*}
</div>
<div class="para">So <span class="process-math">\(\Pr(A) = \frac{4}{8} = \frac{1}{2}\text{,}\)</span> <span class="process-math">\(\Pr(B) = \frac{4}{8} = \frac{1}{2}\text{,}\)</span> and <span class="process-math">\(\Pr(A\cap B) = \frac{2}{8} = \frac{1}{4}\text{.}\)</span> Finally:</div>
<div class="displaymath process-math" id="exercises-Independent-Events-2-2-1-5">
\begin{align*}
\Pr(A \mid B) \amp = \frac{\Pr(A\cap B)}{\Pr(B)} = \frac{2/8}{4/8} = \frac{2}{4} = \frac{1}{2} = \Pr(A),
\end{align*}
</div>
<div class="para">so <span class="process-math">\(A\)</span> and <span class="process-math">\(B\)</span> are independent.</div>
<div class="autopermalink" data-description="Paragraph"><a href="#exercises-Independent-Events-2-2-1" title="Copy heading and permalink for Paragraph" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Paragraph">🔗</a></div>
</div>
<div class="autopermalink" data-description="Answer 1.4.2.1"><a href="#exercises-Independent-Events-2-2" title="Copy heading and permalink for Answer 1.4.2.1" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Answer 1.4.2.1">🔗</a></div>
</div></details></div>
<div class="autopermalink" data-description="Exercise 1.4.2"><a href="#exercises-Independent-Events-2" title="Copy heading and permalink for Exercise 1.4.2" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Exercise 1.4.2">🔗</a></div></article><article class="exercise exercise-like" id="exercises-Independent-Events-3"><h4 class="heading"><span class="codenumber">3<span class="period heading-divison-mark heading-divison-mark__period">.</span></span></h4>
<div class="para" id="exercises-Independent-Events-3-1-1">Let <span class="process-math">\(A = \{1, 2, 3\}\)</span> and <span class="process-math">\(B = \{3, 4, 5\}\)</span> be events in the sample space <span class="process-math">\(\Omega = \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6\}\text{.}\)</span> Create a probability distribution for <span class="process-math">\(\Omega\)</span> so that <span class="process-math">\(A, B\)</span> are independent.<div class="autopermalink" data-description="Paragraph"><a href="#exercises-Independent-Events-3-1-1" title="Copy heading and permalink for Paragraph" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Paragraph">🔗</a></div>
</div>
<div class="solutions"><details id="exercises-Independent-Events-3-2" class="answer solution-like born-hidden-knowl"><summary class="knowl__link"><span class="type">Answer</span><span class="period heading-divison-mark heading-divison-mark__period">.</span></summary><div class="answer solution-like knowl__content">
<figure class="table table-like" id="exercises-Independent-Events-3-2-1"><figcaption><span class="type">Table</span><span class="space heading-divison-mark heading-divison-mark__space"> </span><span class="codenumber">1.4.3<span class="period heading-divison-mark heading-divison-mark__period">.</span></span><span class="space heading-divison-mark heading-divison-mark__space"> </span>Example Distribution<div class="autopermalink" data-description="Table 1.4.3: Example Distribution"><a href="#exercises-Independent-Events-3-2-1" title="Copy heading and permalink for Table 1.4.3: Example Distribution" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Table 1.4.3: Example Distribution">🔗</a></div></figcaption><div class="tabular-box natural-width"><table class="tabular">
<tr>
<td class="c m b1 r0 l0 t0 lines"><span class="process-math">\(x\)</span></td>
<td class="c m b1 r0 l0 t0 lines"><span class="process-math">\(\Pr(x)\)</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="c m b0 r0 l0 t0 lines">1</td>
<td class="c m b0 r0 l0 t0 lines">0.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="c m b0 r0 l0 t0 lines">2</td>
<td class="c m b0 r0 l0 t0 lines">0.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="c m b0 r0 l0 t0 lines">3</td>
<td class="c m b0 r0 l0 t0 lines">0.2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="c m b0 r0 l0 t0 lines">4</td>
<td class="c m b0 r0 l0 t0 lines">0.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="c m b0 r0 l0 t0 lines">5</td>
<td class="c m b0 r0 l0 t0 lines">0.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="c m b0 r0 l0 t0 lines">6</td>
<td class="c m b0 r0 l0 t0 lines">0.3</td>
</tr>
</table></div></figure><div class="para logical" id="exercises-Independent-Events-3-2-2">
<div class="para">Now <span class="process-math">\(\Pr(A) = 0.5\text{,}\)</span> <span class="process-math">\(\Pr(B) = 0.4\text{,}\)</span> and</div>
<div class="displaymath process-math" id="exercises-Independent-Events-3-2-2-3">
\begin{gather*}
\Pr(A\cap B) = 0.2 = (0.5)(0.4) = \Pr(A)\Pr(B),
\end{gather*}
</div>
<div class="para">so <span class="process-math">\(A\)</span> and <span class="process-math">\(B\)</span> are independent.</div>
<div class="autopermalink" data-description="Paragraph"><a href="#exercises-Independent-Events-3-2-2" title="Copy heading and permalink for Paragraph" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Paragraph">🔗</a></div>
</div>
<div class="autopermalink" data-description="Answer 1.4.3.1"><a href="#exercises-Independent-Events-3-2" title="Copy heading and permalink for Answer 1.4.3.1" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Answer 1.4.3.1">🔗</a></div>
</div></details></div>
<div class="autopermalink" data-description="Exercise 1.4.3"><a href="#exercises-Independent-Events-3" title="Copy heading and permalink for Exercise 1.4.3" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Exercise 1.4.3">🔗</a></div></article><div class="autopermalink" data-description="Exercises 1.4"><a href="#exercises-Independent-Events" title="Copy heading and permalink for Exercises 1.4" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Exercises 1.4">🔗</a></div></section><div class="autopermalink" data-description="Section 1.4: Independent Events"><a href="#sec-Independent-Events" title="Copy heading and permalink for Section 1.4: Independent Events" aria-label="Copy heading and permalink for Section 1.4: Independent Events">🔗</a></div></section></div>
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